Network deployment costs are high in PNG due to the
relatively low subscriber base, the impervious terrain, and the high proportion
of the population living in rural areas. As a result, fixed telecom
infrastructure is almost inexistent outside urban centres, leaving most of the
population unserviced. With fixed teledensity having seen little change over
the past two decades, progress in telecommunications has come primarily from
mobile networks, where accessibility has expanded from less than 3% population coverage
in 2006 to almost 80% in 2015.
This impressive growth was triggered by the start of
mobile competition in 2007. When it entered the market, competing mobile
operator Digicel brought mobile services to previously unserviced areas and at
the same time slashed prices. The result was a substantial increase in mobile
penetration – from 1.6% in 2006 to 35% in 2015. Yet, this is still an extremely
low penetration rate, even for a developing country, and barriers to uptake
remain. PNG is still one of the least affordable mobile markets in the Pacific.
Despite the opening of the market to competition,
internet access is expensive in PNG and far beyond the means of most of the
population. Throughout much of the country, internet access is simply
unavailable. Despite the increase in mobile coverage, most rural areas still
have only 2G services.
Nevertheless, mobile broadband is proving far more
successful than fixed-line broadband, having reached an estimated 9%
penetration. The number of mobile broadband users is expected to grow strongly
as Digicel continues to expand its 3G and 4G networks.
To overcome the country’s communication shortcomings,
the government is deploying a National Transmission Network, which is expected
to boost bandwidth and encourage market competition. It will be managed by
state-owned PNG DataCo, which will act as wholesaler.
With a population of more than 7 million people and
underdeveloped telecom services, PNG’s telecom market has enormous growth
potential. Despite the challenges, the country offers many investment
opportunities. More and more Papuans are embracing the digital age,
particularly the younger generation. Mobile phones are becoming an important
source of social interaction, particularly since the launch of Digicel’s 3G and
4G networks.
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