Madagascar's exposure to the global
economic crisis was amplified by political instability following a
controversial change of government in 2009. The economy has remained weak since
then which has led to weaker subscriber growth in the telecoms sector, reduced
consumer spending and, as a consequence, intensified price competition between
the three GSM mobile network operators - Orange, Bharti Airtel (formerly Zain)
and Telma, the incumbent telco. A fourth mobile operator, Madamobil, launched a
CDMA-based network in 2010 but its licence was revoked in 2012.
GDP growth is currently expected to
steadily rise back to levels of around 5% by 2016/17, which should lead to
renewed growth especially in the mobile and broadband market. Plans to exploit
and export crude oil, gas and other natural resources may deliver a boost to
the economy.
Positive developments in the internet
and broadband sector have begun following the arrival of the first
international submarine fibre optic cables, LION and EASSy on the island in
2009 and 2010. This ended the country's dependency on satellites for
international connections, bringing down the cost of international bandwidth
and making internet access more affordable to a wider part of the population.
A national fibre backbone is being
implemented connecting the major cities. Wireless broadband access networks are
being rolled out, enabling converged voice, data and entertainment services.
The launch of third generation (3G) mobile broadband services has enabled the
mobile operators to reverse their rapidly declining average revenue per user
(ARPU).
The fixed-line sector has been
undergoing a revolution following the privatisation of Telma. Major investments
have been made, the number of fixed lines has multiplied, albeit from a very
low base. ADSL2+ broadband services have been introduced and the decline in
fixed-line revenue has been successfully reversed. Despite these positive
developments, the national telco is considering various divestiture options.
Penetration rates in all market sectors
are still below African averages, promising excellent growth potential.
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